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The apparently rapid increase in non-White immigration to
urban areas in the 1970s triggered a racial backlash against immigrants. Studies
of the Caribbean diaspora in Toronto reveal the numerous problems that faced
this immigrant community. Unlike other groups, such as Italian Canadians who
chose to live in certain concentrated areas of the city, Caribbean immigrants
tended to spread themselves throughout Greater Toronto. They often rented
apartments.5
Frances Henry suggests the Caribbean newcomers were not a community as such,
but, rather, numerous communities. Their leaders tended to speak for specific
socio-economic classes within the immigrant group, particularly the middle
class professionals. Often, working class and poorer immigrants had no representation
in civic affairs,
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Toronto, 1990s.
Vancouver, Montreal, and, in particular, Toronto
have been the major recipients of non-White immigrants over the past
30 years. Chinese, Jamaicans, Trinidadians, and other non-White immigrants
changed the complexion of these cities in this period.
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